Journal Abstracts
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ABSTRACT: Modern pre- and perinatal psychology recognizes that the period of life immediately after birth is a significant one for the future development of the human being. This paper surveys the many ways that cultures around the world interpret the puerperium, and the ways they treat the mother and infant and structure mother-infant interaction during this vulnerable period.
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Imaging techniques have permitted us to observe the prenatal environment, and the human fetus has been caught in the act of grasping its umbilical cord. One aspect of what I had much earlier envisioned was thus confirmed. Yet to be confirmed is that the fetus, by that activity, takes a hand in its own creation. Fetal cord manipulation, or hand-umbilical contact, can be equated to self-stimulation. This act fortuitously initiates a primitive emotional conditioning and complements some phases of physical gestational development.
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ABSTRACT: The resurgence of interest in the interrelationship and interdependence between the physiological and psychological aspects of being human (i.e. in wholistic health) and concern regarding attachment issues and dynamics also questions and bespeaks both of the quality of care given to newborns and the impact this care has on their ability to develop healthy attachments and personalities.
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ABSTRACT:This paper compares marriages of couples who gave birth at home in a private, loving, intimate way with a group who delivered in the hospital using the customary medical model of birth. Significant differences were found between the two groups at 4- and 12-months postpartum regarding the quality of the love relationship. The do-it-yourself homebirthers revealed far more compatibility in their marriages than did their hospital-delivered counterparts.
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ABSTRACT: Fifty-four (54) middle-income couples were followed from 6 months of pregnancy until 6 months postpartum. The couples' attitudes were assessed prenatally, observations were made at delivery along with an interview after delivery to assess the emotional quality of the couple's birth experience, and follow-up interviews and observations were made at 6 week intervals until 6 months postpartum to determine level of attachment to the infant. The motor development items of the Bay ley Scales of Infant Development were administered twice to each infant.
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The concept of intelligence embodied in I.Q. tests seventy five years ago is now being radically redefined in psychology. New approaches formulated by Robert Sternberg (1988) and Howard Gardner (1983) are many-dimensional, behavioral, and closely related to everyday living. In this presentation experimental, clinical, and anecdotal evidence about life before birth is marshalled to meet the proposed criteria of intelligence. Six specific implications and conclusions are drawn.
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ABSTRACT: The use of behaviorally defined sleep and wake states for detecting or predicting abnormal development in high risk newborn infants is addressed. One case of a relatively low risk 32-week gestation infant is used to illustrate that immediate subjective impressions by a trained observer may reveal information useful to the medical staff without having to wait for the lengthy computer analyses usually performed with this assessment technique.
