Maternal Suicide in the United States: Opportunities for Improved Data Collection and Health Care System Change

Maternal suicide, once overlooked in mortality rates, is now recognized as a major contributor to pregnancy-related deaths in the United States. Recent data highlighting a surge in general population suicides underscores the urgency of addressing maternal suicide. It ranks among the top three causes of pregnancy-related deaths, accounting for up to 20% of maternal fatalities. While data collection challenges persist, state Maternal Mortality Review Committees are enhancing consistency in reviewing and documenting maternal deaths. Mental health conditions, particularly suicide, are identified as a key underlying cause, contributing to nearly 23% of pregnancy-related deaths, with 80% considered preventable. Recognizing the lasting societal impact, preventive efforts for maternal suicides should be prioritized. The effects of maternal mental distress and suicidality on child development emphasize the need for interventions across clinical, systemic, and policy domains.